OBJETIVO: avaliar a evolução da gestação e o prognóstico materno-fetal em gestantes com leiomiomas uterinos. MÉTODOS: análise retrospectiva descritiva de 75 prontuários de gestantes com leiomiomas atendidas em hospital terciário, no período de janeiro de 1992 a janeiro de 2002. RESULTADOS: foram identificadas 75 gestantes com leiomiomas numa população de 34.467 gestantes atendidas neste período (incidência de 0,2%). Dezoito pacientes (24%) tiveram os diagnósticos feitos previamente à gestação, 41 (54,6%) tiveram os diagnósticos durante a gestação e 16 (21,3%) durante a cesariana, das quais apenas seis não haviam sido submetidas à ultra-sonografia durante o pré-natal. Foram observados 10 partos com feto pré-termo e cinco casos de rotura prematura das membranas. Quarenta e sete pacientes (75,8%) foram submetidas à cesariana, sendo as indicações diretamente relacionadas aos leiomiomas em 38,3% delas (apresentação anômala, obstrução do canal de parto ou cicatriz uterina por miomectomia prévia). Foram diagnosticados quatro casos de necrose central do leiomioma, dois casos de degeneração hialina e um caso com potencial de malignidade nas pacientes submetidas à miomectomia ou histerectomia após a gestação. Sessenta e um recém-nascidos (98,4%) tiveram índices de Apgar maior que 7 no 5º minuto, e a cirurgia para miomectomia, quando realizada durante a gestação, não piorou o prognóstico materno-fetal. CONCLUSÕES: a incidência de leiomiomas na gestação foi de 0,2% no período, tendo a ultra-sonografia falhado no diagnóstico em 10 pacientes. A cesariana foi freqüentemente indicada neste grupo de pacientes, mas a presença de leiomiomas na gestação não comprometeu o índice de Apgar dos recém-nascidos.

PURPOSE: to evaluate the evolution of pregnancy and the maternofetal prognosis in women with uterine leiomyomas. METHODS: a descriptive retrospective analysis of the medical records of 75 pregnant women with leiomyomas attended at the University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, from January 1992 to January 2002. RESULTS: seventy-five pregnant women with leiomyomas were identified in a population of 34,467 pregnant women attended during this period (incidence of 0.2%). The diagnosis was made before pregnancy in 18 patients (24%), during the current pregnancy in 41 (54.6%), and during cesarean section in 16 (21.3%), of whom only six were not submitted to ultrasound scan during the prenatal period. Ten deliveries with preterm fetuses and five cases of premature rupture of the amniotic membranes were observed. Forty-seven patients (75.8%) were submitted to cesarean section, with the indication being directly related to the leiomyomas in 38.3% of them (anomalous presentation, obstruction of the birth canal, or uterine scar due to a previous myomectomy). Four cases of central necrosis, two cases of hyaline degeneration and one case of malignant potential of the leiomyoma were identified in patients submitted to postpartum myomectomy or hysterectomy. Sixty-one newborns (98.4%) had an Apgar score above 7 at the fifth minute of life, and surgery did not lead to a worse maternofetal prognosis when performed during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: the incidence of leiomyomas during pregnancy was 0.2% during the study period, with ultrasonography failing to diagnose 10 patients. Cesarean section was frequently indicated for this group of patients, but the presence of leiomyomas during pregnancy did not compromise the Apgar score of the newborns.

DNA samples from blood and nasal swabs of 125 healthy household contacts was submitted to amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a Mycobacterium leprae-specific sequence as a target for the detection of subclinical infection with M. leprae.All samples were submitted to hybridization analysis in order to exclude any false positive or negative results. Two positive samples were confirmed from blood out of 119 (1.7%) and two positive samples from nasal secretion out of 120 (1.7%). The analysis of the families with positive individuals showed that 2.5% (n = 3) of the contacts were relatives of multibacilary patients while 0.8% of the cases (n = 1) had a paucibacilary as an index case. All positive contacts were followed up and after one year none of them presented clinical signs of the disease. In spite of the PCR sensitivity to detect the presence of the M. leprae in a subclinical stage, this molecular approach did not seem to be a valuable tool to screen household contacts, since we determined a spurious association of the PCR positivity and further development of leprosy.